in 1927 , after the Great Revolution failed , facing life and death of a severe test of the Chinese communists in order to save a critical situation , the Chinese revolution must at the Every born August 1 in Nanchang , the Kuomintang reactionaries, fired the first shot . Seven days later, the CPC Central Committee held in Wuhan, an emergency session, the Conference on August 7th . At the meeting , Comrade Mao Zedong put forward the well-known thesis of the barrel of a gun inside the regime " , thinking that the revolutionary armed seizure of power . After the meeting, Mao Zedong launched the Hunan-Kiangsi border Autumn Harvest Uprising , frustrated after he led the troops on the Jinggangshan . In the spring of 1928 , Mao Zedong led the Autumn Harvest Uprising troops and Zhu De, the rate of the Nanchang Uprising remnants in Jinggangshan rendezvous , a firm revolutionary faith , relying on the masses , dare to break a new path after a difficult , adhere to basic principles of Marxism-Leninism with the Chinese revolution of the specific practice phase combine to create a new people's army under the leadership of the party , established the first rural revolutionary base areas , and successfully opened up the road encircling the cities , and finally captured the city and the national government for the victory of China 's national conditions .